SK series (7:24 taper)
a:BT series, Japanese standard
b: JT series (DIN 69871) German standard
c:CAT series
DIN 2080 series,
For manual change to HSK series, there are mainly A, B, C, D, E five categories
HSK shank is a high-speed shank, especially the E series without keyway is the highest dynamic balance standard at present , It belongs to the over-positioning and inner-rising type. The price is relatively high. In addition, there are Kenna specially made for Mazak, which are similar to HSK shanks and are mostly used for turning and milling centers. Check the information for yourself.

Now the main market has 7/24 and 1/10 taper shank shanks, of which 7/24 has numerical control and common use, and numerical control has international standards, Germany, Japan, and the United States. Common use is metric and inch distinction,
In the Chinese market, Japan's BT type is the most used, as well as the German DIN69871 (SK or NC), 1/10 taper shank. Because of its cost and manufacturing technology, few domestic companies can do it. Its model uses The spindle requirements of HSK machines are relatively high, and domestic manufacturers have not generally used them.
Among the tool shank manufacturing companies, BBT from Japan's BIG company can replace hsk, because HSK is a hollow shank, and there is a little problem with its structural strength, but BBT is different, and the positioning accuracy of the tool shank has self-positioning (such as BT, etc.) And over-positioning (HSK and BIG, etc.), the static accuracy is good, the main difference is the dynamic accuracy. It is said that HSK, etc. can still maintain the tightness of the contact with the spindle at high speed, and the dynamic accuracy is good, because it is widely used in high-speed machining. )

Most of BT and HSK transmit torque through keys, and some tool holders transmit torque through their own shape (such as Capto interface). Generally, tool holders that transmit torque through their own shape are said to transmit torque larger and more stable, especially at high speed.
The spindle taper holes of machining centers are usually divided into two categories, namely the general system with a taper of 7:24 and the HSK vacuum system with a taper of 1:10. Universal tool holders with a taper of 7:24 are generally available in five standards and sizes, namely NT (traditional), DIN 69871 (German standard), IS0 7388/1 (international standard), MAS BT (Japanese standard) and ANSI/ASME (American standard). The German standard for the NT type tool holder is DIN 2080. The tool holder is tightened by a pull rod on a traditional machine tool. It is also called ST in China; the other four tool holders are all used on the machining center. Tighten the handle. At present, the two most used tool holders in China are DIN 69871 type (ie JT) and MAS BT type. Holders of type DIN 69871 can be mounted on machine tools with type DIN 69871 and ANSI/ASME tapers, and holders of type IS0 7388/1 can be mounted on type DIN 69871, IS0 7388/1 and ANSI/ASME tapers. On machine tools, so in terms of versatility, the IS0 7388/1 type shank is the best.

Pull studs have three key parameters: θ angle, length l and thread G.

Regarding the θ angle of the handle pull stud, there are the following situations:
1. MAS BT (Japanese standard) shank pull stud θ angles are divided into 45°, 60° and 90°, and the commonly used ones are 45° and 60°;
2. DIN 69871 handle pull stud (usually called DIN 69872-40/50) has only one θ angle of 75°;
3. IS0 7388/1 shank pull stud (usually called IS0 7388/2-40/50) The θ angle is divided into 45° and 75°;
4. The θ angle of ANSI/ASME (American Standard) shank pull stud is divided into 45°, 60° and 90°.

Regarding the thread G of the shank pull stud, except for the ANSI/ASME (American Standard) shank pull stud, which has an inch thread standard, the other three use metric threads. The 40# shank pull stud usually uses M16 thread, 50# knife Shank pull studs usually use M24 thread.

DIN 2080 type (abbreviated as NT or ST)
Type DIN 69871 (referred to as JT, DIN, DAT or DV) Type ISO 7388/1 (referred to as IV or IT)
MAS BT type (abbreviated as BT) ANSI B5.50 type (abbreviated as CAT)

The German standard of 1:10 HSK vacuum tool holder is DIN69873, there are six standards and specifications, namely HSK-A, HSK-B, HSK-C, HSK-D, HSK-E and HSK-F, there are three commonly used : HSK-A (automatic tool change with internal coolant), HSK-C (manual tool change with internal coolant) and HSK-E (automatic tool change with internal coolant, high-speed type.